LUCIFER

The Story of Sam Winchester will always be linked to Lucifer. Sam Winchester is the one perfect vessel of Lucifer. The apocalypse was supposed to happen when Lucifer and Michael would engage in a battle while possessing the Winchesters. Jared Padalecki played Lucifer in Season 5 finale episode ‘Swan Song’. In this episode, Sam said yes to Lucifer believing that he would be able to overpower Lucifer and could manage to trap him in the cage. Eventually when the consciousness of Sam is reawakened after seeing the toy soldier in the Impala, he defeats Sam.

In the episode ‘The End’, Dean is transported to the future where Sam has said yes to Lucifer and the alternate Dean is leading a war against this Lucifer. This Lucifer has nearly brought humanity to its extinction and has released the fatal Croatan Virus. This Lucifer looks charming, dressing in all white.
All The Different Roles Played By Misha Collins On The Show

In the episode ‘Provers 17:3’, Jared not only portrayed an alternate Sam, but also portrayed an alternate archangel Lucifer. In this reality, Sam Winchester said yes to Lucifer and then the possessed Sam would end up taking the life of his brother Dean. Sam experiences the visions of this alternate, it is one of the endings that Chuck had in mind for the Winchesters.
GADREEL

Gadreel is the angel who allowed Lucifer into the Garden thus leading to the birth of evil which eventually created hell. As a result, he was locked away in a prison for a very long time. But when Metatron caused the fall of the angels, he escaped and posed as the angel Ezekiel. He tricked Dean Winchester in letting him possess Sam Winchester in order to heal him. Gadreel’s antics resulted in the demise of Kevin Tran. In the end, he would eventually sacrifice himself to give Castiel a fighting chance who could stop Metatron and save the entire heaven.
GARY FRANKLE

In Season 5 Episode ‘Swap Meat’, Gary Frankle, a teenager witch who comes to know about the bounty placed on the head of Dean Winchester. He along with his friends managed to hold Sam down while Gary switches the body with Sam. While being in the body of Sam, he goes on several adventures. In the end, after realizing his mistake, he trades his original body back with Sam. The Winchesters also spare Gary in the end, instructing him not to never do the magic again.
Missed a few
S02E14-Demon Meg
S06E22-Soulless Sam and Sortured Sam
S07E06-Leviathan
Maybe more, it’s hard to keep track of.
Myself and a few others were able to come up with this list
S01E01: Sam Winchester
S02E14: Demon Meg
S05E04: Lucifer
S05E12: Gary Frankle
S06E02: Alpha Shapeshifter
S07E06: Leviathan
S08E19: Demon Shapeshifter
S08E21: Another Demon Shapeshifter
S09E01: Gadreel
Variations that may or may not count
S02E15: Dean’s memory of Sam aka blah-blah Sam
S04E17: Sam Wesson
S05E22: Soulless Sam
S06E22: Tortured Sam
S13E16: Cartoon Sam
S14E13: Lawyer Sam
S14E15: Justin Smith
S15E04: Demon blood Sam
S15E05: Sam killed by Dean that has the mark of Cain
S15E05: Alternate Lucifer
S15E09: Vampire Sam
S15E13: Manbun Sam
It’s worth noting that Jared played characters that played characters such as but not limited to
S06E15: Jared playing Sam pretending to be Jared playing Sam (badly)
S09E01: Jared playing Gadreel pretending to be Ezekiel
But that list would include covers and be unbelievably huge.